1.0Isikhathi sokufukamela kanye nezici zomtholampilo
I-COVID-19igama elisemthethweni elinikezwe yiNhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba ngesifo esisha esihambisana nesifo esibi kakhulu sokuphefumula kwe-corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokufukamela se-Covid-19 cishe izinsuku ezi-4-6, futhi kuthatha
amasonto okufa noma alulame.Izimpawu zilinganiselwa ukuthi zenzeka ezinsukwini eziyi-14 noma ngaphezulu, ngokushoU-Bi Q et al.(nd)funda.Izigaba ezine zokuziphendukela kwemvelo zesifuba se-CT scan ezigulini ze-Covid-19 kusukela ekuqaleni kwezimpawu;ekuqaleni (izinsuku ezingu-0-4), ezithuthukisiwe (izinsuku ezingu-5-8), ukuphakama (izinsuku ezingu-9-13) nokumuncwa (izinsuku ezingu-14+) (I-Pan F et al.nd).
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zeziguli ze-covid-19: umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, i-myalgia noma ukukhathala, i-expectoration, ikhanda elibuhlungu, i-hemoptysis, isifo sohudo, ukuphefumula, ukudideka, umphimbo obuhlungu, i-rhinorrhea, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhwehlela okomile, i-anorexia, ukuphefumula kanzima, i-expectoration, isicanucanu.Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuba nzima kubantu abadala kanye nabantu abanezinkinga zempilo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifuba somoya noma isifo senhliziyo (Viwattanakulvanid, P. 2021).
2.0 Umzila wokudlulisa
I-Covid-19 inemizila emibili yokudlulisela, ukuthintana okuqondile nokungaqondile.Ukudluliswa kokuxhumana okuqondile ukusabalala kwe-Covid-19 ngokuthinta umlomo, ikhala noma amehlo ngomunwe onegciwane.Ukudluliselwa kokuxhumana okungaqondile, okufana nezinto ezingcolisiwe, amaconsi okuphefumula kanye nezifo ezithathelwana ngomoya, kungenye futhi indlela i-Covid-19 esabalala ngayo.Remuzzi(2020）Iphepha ku-Lancet liqinisekise ukusulelana kwaleli gciwane kusuka kumuntu kuya kumuntu
3.0Ukuvimbela i-Covid-19
Ukuvimbela i-COVID-19 kufaka phakathi ukuhamba kude ngokomzimba, okokuvikela okufana namamaski, ukugeza izandla nokuhlola okufika ngesikhathi.
Ukuqhelelana ngokomzimba:Ukuqhelelana ngokomzimba okungaphezu kwemitha elilodwa ukusuka kwabanye kunganciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka, futhi ibanga elingamamitha ama-2 lingase lisebenze kangcono.Ingozi yokutheleleka nge-Covid-19 ihlotshaniswa kakhulu nebanga nomuntu onaleli gciwane.Uma usondelene kakhulu nesiguli esithelelekile, unethuba lokuhogela amaconsi, okuhlanganisa negciwane le-Covid-19 elingena emaphashini akho.
Pimishini yokuvikela:Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuzivikela efana ne-N95 masks, imaski yokuhlinzwa kanye nezibuko kunikeza isivikelo kubantu.Imaski yezokwelapha ibalulekile ukuvimbela ukusuleleka lapho umuntu onaleli gciwane ethimula noma ekhwehlela.Amamaski angewona awezokwelapha angenziwa ngezindwangu ezihlukene kanye nenhlanganisela yezinto ezibonakalayo, ngakho ukukhetha imaski okungeyona eyezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu.
Hnokugeza:Bonke abasebenzi bezempilo kanye nomphakathi jikelele wabo bonke ubudala kufanele bazijwayeze ukuhlanzeka kwezandla.Ukugeza okuvamile nokuphelele ngensipho namanzi okungenani imizuzwana engu-20 noma isibulali-magciwane esisekelwe etshwaleni siyanconywa, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuthinta amehlo akho, ikhala, nomlomo ezindaweni zomphakathi, ngemva kokukhwehlela noma ukuthimula, nangaphambi kokudla.Kubalulekile futhi ukugwema ukuthinta i-T-zone yobuso (amehlo, ikhala, nomlomo), njengoba lokhu kuyindawo yokungena yegciwane emgudwini wokuphefumula ophezulu.Izandla zithinta izindawo eziningi, futhi amagciwane angasakazeka ngezandla zethu.Uma selingcolisiwe, igciwane lingangena emzimbeni ngolwelwesi lwamafinyila lwamehlo, ikhala nomlomo(I-WHO).
uqoboukuhlola:ukuzihlola kungasiza abantu ukuthi babone igciwane kusenesikhathi futhi bathathe impendulo efanele.Umgomo wokuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19 ukuhlonza ukutheleleka nge-Covid-19 ngokuthola ubufakazi begciwane ohlelweni lokuphefumula.Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antigen bheka izingcezu zamaprotheni akha igciwane elibangela i-Covid-19 ukuthi libone ukuthi umuntu unegciwane elisebenzayo yini.Isampula izoqoqwa ku-swab yamakhala noma yomphimbo.Umphumela omuhle ovela ekuhlolweni kwe-antigen ngokuvamile unembe kakhulu.I-antibody izivivinyo bheka amasosha omzimba egazini ngokumelene negciwane elidala i-Covid-19 ukuthola ukuthi izifo ezidlule bezikhona yini, kodwa akufanele zisetshenziselwe ukuxilonga izifo ezikhona.Isampula izoqoqwa egazini, futhi ukuhlolwa kuzonikeza imiphumela esheshayo.Ukuhlola kuthola amasosha omzimba kunamagciwane, ngakho kungase kuthathe izinsuku noma amasonto ukuze umzimba ukhiqize amasosha omzimba anele ukuze uwabone.
RIncazelo:
1.Bi Q, Wu Y, Mei S, Ye C, Zou X, Zhang Z, et al.I-Epidemiology kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-COVID-19 e-Shenzhen China: ukuhlaziywa kwamacala angama-391 kanye ne-1,286 yabasondelene nabo.medRxiv.2020. doi: 10.1101/2020.03.03.20028423.
2.12.Pan F, Ye T, Sun P, Gui S, Liang B, Li L, et al.Isikhathi samaphaphu siyashintsha esifubeni se-CT ngesikhathi sokululama esifweni se-coronavirus sika-2019 (COVID-19).I-Radiology.2020;295(3): 715-21.doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200370.
3.Viwattanakulvanid, P. (2021), “Imibuzo eyishumi evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-Covid-19 kanye nezifundo ezitholwe eThailand”, Ijenali Yocwaningo Lwezempilo, Umq.35 No. 4, pp.329-344.
4.Remuzzi A, Remuzzi G. COVID-19 kanye ne-Italy: yini elandelayo?.I-Lancet.2020;395(10231): 1225-8.doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30627-9.
5.Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba [WHO].Iseluleko se-Coronavirus (COVID-19) somphakathi.[kucashunwe ngo-Ephreli 2022].Ibuyiselwe kusuka: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-07-2022