Kusukela ngoDisemba 2019, i-COVID-19 ebangelwa i-Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) isisabalele emhlabeni wonke.Igciwane elidala i-COVID-19 yi-SARS-COV-2, igciwane le-RNA elinomucu owodwa eliyingxenye yomndeni wama-coronavirus.Ama-β coronavirus anesimo esiyindilinga noma ayindilinga, angama-60-120 nm ububanzi, futhi avame ukuba yi-pleomorphic.Ngenxa yokuthi Imvilophu yegciwane inomumo oyi-convex ongadlulela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi futhi ibukeke njenge-corolla, ibizwa ngokuthi i-coronavirus.Ine-capsule, kanye ne-S (Spike protein), M (Membrane protein), M (matrix protein) kanye no-E (Envelope protein) isatshalaliswa ku-capsule.Imvilophu iqukethe i-RNA ebophezela ku-N (i-Nucleocapsid protein).Iphrotheni ye-SI-SARS-COV-2iqukethe amayunithi amancane e-S1 kanye ne-S2.Isizinda se-receptor-binding (RBD) se-S1 subunit singenisa ukutheleleka kwe-SARS-COV-2 ngokubophezela ku-angiotensin eguqula i-enzyme 2 (ACE2) endaweni yeseli.
I-Sars-cov-2 ingatheleleka isuka kumuntu iye komunye futhi itheleleka kakhulu kune-sarS-COV, eyavela ngo-2003. Isakazwa kakhulu ngamaconsi okuphefumula kanye nokuthintana kwabantu eduze, futhi ingadluliselwa nge-aerosol uma ikhona endaweni. nge-airtight enhle isikhathi eside.Ngokuvamile abantu bangenwa kalula yizifo, kanti isikhathi sokufukamela siyizinsuku ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-14, izikhathi eziningi izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-3.Ngemuva kokutheleleka nge-coronavirus yenoveli, amacala athambile e-COVID-19 azoba nezimpawu ikakhulukazi zomkhuhlane kanye nokukhwehlela okomile.I-COVID-19 ithathelwana kakhulu futhi ithelelana kakhulu ezigabeni ezingenazimpawu zokutheleleka.Ukutheleleka ngegciwane leSars-cov-2 kungadala imfiva, ukukhwehlela okomile, ukukhathala nezinye izimpawu.Iziguli ezinzima zivame ukuthuthukisa i-dyspnea kanye / noma i-hypoxemia iviki le-1 ngemuva kokuqala, futhi iziguli ezinzima zingase ziholele ku-acute respiratory distress syndrome, i-coagulopathy kanye nokwehluleka kwezitho eziningi.
Ngoba i-sarS-COV-2 ithathelwana kakhulu futhi iyabulala, izindlela ezisheshayo, ezinembile nezilula zokuhlonza i-SARS-COV-2 kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwabantu abangenwe yileli gciwane (kuhlanganise nabantu abangenalo i-asymptomatic) kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola umthombo wokutheleleka, ukuvimba igciwane. uchungechunge lokudlulisela lesi sifo nokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane.
I-POCT, okwaziwa nangokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokuthola eceleni kombhede noma ubuchwepheshe bokuthola ngesikhathi sangempela, uhlobo lwendlela yokuthola olwenziwa endaweni yokusampula futhi lungathola ngokushesha imiphumela yokutholwa ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlaziya aphathwayo.Mayelana nokutholwa kwe-pathogen, i-POCT inezinzuzo zesivinini sokutholwa ngokushesha futhi akukho mkhawulo wesayithi uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuthola ezivamile.I-POCT ayikwazi nje ukusheshisa ukutholwa kwe-COVID-19, kodwa futhi igwema ukuxhumana phakathi kwezisebenzi ezihlonza iziguli kanye neziguli futhi yehlise ubungozi bokutheleleka.Okwamanje,Ukuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19amasayithi e-China ikakhulukazi izibhedlela kanye nezikhungo zokuhlola zezinkampani zangaphandle, futhi abasebenzi abahlolayo badinga ukuthatha amasampula ngqo phambi kwabantu ukuze bahlolwe.Naphezu kwezinyathelo zokuzivikela, ukuthatha amasampula ngokuqondile esigulini kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka kumuntu oyihlolayo.Ngakho-ke, inkampani yethu ithuthukise ngokukhethekile ikhithi yabantu abayisampula ekhaya, enezinzuzo zokutholwa ngokushesha, ukusebenza okulula, nokutholwa ekhaya, esiteshini nakwezinye izindawo ngaphandle kwezimo zokuvikela ukuphepha kwe-biosafety.
Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko obusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-immunochromatography, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Lateral Flow assay (LFA), okuyindlela yokuthola ngokushesha eqhutshwa isenzo se-capillary.Njengobuchwepheshe bokubona ngokushesha obuvuthiwe, bunokusebenza okulula, isikhathi esifushane sokusabela kanye nemiphumela ezinzile.Elimele i-colloidal gold immunochromatography paper (GLFA), ngokuvamile elihlanganisa iphedi yesampula, iphedi yebhondi, ifilimu ye-nitrocellulose (NC) kanye nephedi yokumunca amanzi, njll. Iphedi yebhondi ihlanganiswe ne-antibody modified nanoparticles yegolide (AuNPs), kanye ne-NC. ifilimu ihlanganiswe nama-antibody wokubamba.Ngemuva kokuthi isampula sengezwe kuphedi yesampula, igeleza kuphedi yokubopha kanye nefilimu ye-NC ngokulandelana ngaphansi kwesenzo se-capillary, futhi ekugcineni ifinyelele iphedi emuncayo.Uma isampula ligeleza kuphedi yokubophezela, into ezokalwa kusampula izobophezela nge-antibody yelebula legolide;Lapho isampula ligeleza kulwelwesi lwe-NC, isampula elalizohlolwa lathathwa futhi lalungiswa i-antibody ethwebuliwe, futhi amabhande abomvu avela kulwelwesi lwe-NC ngenxa yokunqwabelana kwama-nanoparticles egolide.Ukutholwa okusheshayo kwekhwalithi ye-SARS-COV-2 kungafinyelelwa ngokubheka amabhande abomvu endaweni yokutholwa.Ikhithi yale ndlela kulula ukuthengiswa futhi ifane, kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi iyashesha ukuphendula.Ilungele ukuhlola abantu abaningi futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekutholeni inoveli iCoronavirus.
Izifo ezintsha ze-coronavirusziyinselelo enkulu ebhekene nezwe.Ukuxilongwa ngokushesha kanye nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo sokunqoba impi.Lapho ubhekene nokutheleleka okuphezulu kanye nenani elikhulu labantu abangenwe yileli gciwane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa izinsiza zokuhlonza ezinembile nezisheshayo.Kuyaziwa ukuthi phakathi kwamasampula asetshenziswa kakhulu, uketshezi lwe-alveolar lavage lunezinga eliphakeme kakhulu elihle phakathi kwamaswabhu epharyngeal, amathe, isikhwehlela kanye noketshezi lokuhlanzwa kwe-alveolar.Njengamanje, ukuhlolwa okuvame kakhulu ukuthatha amasampula ezigulini okusolakala ukuthi zine-swabs yomphimbo kusuka ku-pharynx ephezulu, hhayi umgudu wokuphefumula ophansi, lapho igciwane lingangena khona kalula.Igciwane lingabuye litholakale egazini, emchameni, nasendle, kodwa akuyona indawo eyinhloko yokutheleleka, ngakho inani legciwane liphansi futhi alikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokutholwa.Ukwengeza, njengoba i-RNA ingazinzile futhi kulula ukuyehlisa isithunzi, ukwelashwa okunengqondo nokukhipha amasampula ngemva kokuqoqwa nakho kuyizici.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-20-2022