Isifo sikashukela mellitus Uhlolojikelele
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus yisifo esingamahlalakhona esibonakala ngokukhiqizwa okunganele noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin elawula i-glucose, noma ushukela wegazi.Isibalo sabantu abaphila nesifo sikashukela emhlabeni wonke sikhula ngokushesha futhi kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule sisuka ezigidini ezingama-463 ngo-2019 siye ezigidini ezingama-700 ngo-2045. I-LMIC ithwala umthwalo onzima futhi okhulayo wezifo, okubalelwa ku-79% wabantu abanesifo sikashukela (izigidi ezingama-368) ngo-2019 futhi silindele ukufinyelela ku-83% (izigidi ezingu-588) ngo-2045.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zesifo sikashukela:
• I-Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (uhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela): Sibonakala ngokungabibikho noma ukuntuleka kwamaseli e-beta kumanyikwe okuholela ekusweleni komzimba ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin.Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 sikhula kaningi ezinganeni nasebancane futhi sibalelwa kubantu abacishe babe yizigidi eziyisishiyagalolunye emhlabeni jikelele.
• I-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (uhlobo 2 sikashukela): Ibonakala ngokungakwazi komzimba ukusebenzisa i-insulin ekhiqizwayo.Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 sitholakala kakhulu kubantu abadala futhi sibangela izimo eziningi zokuxilonga isifo sikashukela emhlabeni wonke.
Ngaphandle kwe-insulin esebenzayo, umzimba awukwazi ukuguqula i-glucose ibe amandla, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwezinga le-glucose egazini (okwaziwa ngokuthi 'i-hyperglycemia'). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-hyperglycemia ingabangela umonakalo oqeda amandla, okuhlanganisa nesifo senhliziyo, ukulimala kwezinzwa (i-neuropathy), ukulimala kwezinso ( nephropathy), kanye nokulahlekelwa umbono/ubumpumputhe (i-retinopathy).Uma kubhekwa ukungakwazi komzimba ukulawula i-glucose, abantu abanesifo sikashukela abasebenzisa i-insulini kanye/noma eminye imithi ephuzwayo, nabo basengozini yokwehla kakhulu kwezinga likashukela egazini (okwaziwa nge-'hypoglycemia') - okuthi ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu kubangele ukuquleka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ngisho nokufa.Lezi zinkinga zingabambezeleka noma zivinjwe ngokuphatha ngokucophelela amazinga e-glucose, okuhlanganisa nemikhiqizo yokuzihlolela i-glucose.
Imikhiqizo Yokuzibheka I-Glucose
Ukuzihlolela i-glucose kusho umkhuba wokuthi abantu bazihlolele bona amazinga eglucose ngaphandle kwezikhungo zezempilo.Ukuzigada kwe-glucose kuqondisa izinqumo zabantu ngabanye mayelana nokwelashwa, ukudla okunomsoco, nokusebenza ngokomzimba, futhi kusetshenziselwa ngokuqondile (a) ukulungisa imithamo ye-insulin;(b) aqinisekise ukuthi imithi ephuzwayo iwalawula ngokwanele amazinga eglucose;kanye (c) nokuqapha izigameko ezingaba khona ze-hypoglycemic noma i-hyperglycemic.
Amadivayisi azihlolela i-glucose awela ngaphansi kwezigaba ezimbili zomkhiqizo eziyinhloko:
1. Ukuzigada kweimitha yeglucose yegazi, ebilokhu isetshenziswa kusukela ngawo-1980s, isebenza ngokuhlaba esikhunjeni ngelancethi elahlwayo futhi ifake isampula yegazi emgqeni wokuhlola olahlwayo, oshuthekwa kumfundi ophathwayo (okunye obizwa ngokuthi imitha) ukuze kukhiqizwe iphuzu -ukufunda ngokunakekela ngezinga likashukela wegazi lomuntu.
2. Ngokuqhubekayoi-glucose monitoramasistimu aqale ukuvela njengendlela ehlukile ye-SMBG ngo-2016, futhi asebenza ngokumba inzwa ye-microneedle ehlala unomphela ngaphansi kwesikhumba eyenza ukufundwa okuthunyelwa yi-transmitter ngokungenantambo kumitha ephathekayo (noma i-smartphone) ebonisa ukufundwa kwe-glucose okumaphakathi njalo ngo-1- Imizuzu emi-5 kanye nedatha ye-glucose trend.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-CGM: ngesikhathi sangempela futhi iskeniwe ngezikhathi ezithile (eyaziwa nangokuthi amadivaysi okuqapha i-flash glucose (FGM)).Nakuba yomibili imikhiqizo ihlinzeka ngamaleveli e-glucose phakathi nebanga lesikhathi, amadivaysi e-FGM adinga abasebenzisi ukuthi baskene inzwa ngenhloso ukuze bathole ukufundwa kwe-glucose (okuhlanganisa nokufundwa kwedivayisi ngesikhathi sokuskena), kuyilapho ngesikhathi sangempela Kuqhubekayo.i-blood glucose monitoramasistimu ngokuzenzakalelayo nangokuqhubekayo ahlinzeka ngokufundwa kweglucose.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-16-2023