1.yini ushukela egazini?
I-glucose yegazi, ebizwa nangokuthi ushukela wegazi, inani le-glucose egazini lakho.Le glucose ivela kulokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo futhi umzimba uphinde ukhiphe i-glucose egciniwe esibindini nasemisipha yakho.
2.Izinga leglucose egazini
I-glycemia, eyaziwa nangokuthi izinga likashukela egazini,ukugcwala kushukela egazini, noma izinga likashukela egazini isilinganiso sikashukela esigxile egazini labantu noma kwezinye izilwane.Cishe amagremu angu-4 kashukela, ushukela olula, ukhona egazini lomuntu ongu-70 kg (154 lb) ngaso sonke isikhathi.Umzimba ulawula ngokuqinile amazinga eglucose njengengxenye ye-homeostasis ye-metabolic.I-glucose igcinwa emisipha yamathambo namaseli esibindi ngendlela ye-glycogen;kubantu abazila ukudla, i-glucose yegazi igcinwa isezingeni eliqhubekayo ngezindleko zezitolo ze-glycogen esibindini nasemisipha yamathambo.
Kubantu, izinga likashukela wegazi elingamagremu angu-4, noma isipuni, libalulekile ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwezicubu eziningi, futhi ubuchopho bomuntu budla cishe u-60% weglucose egazini kubantu abazilayo, abangenzi lutho.Ukwenyuka okuqhubekayo kweglucose yegazi kuholela kubuthi be-glucose, obunomthelela ekungasebenzi kahle kwamaseli kanye ne-pathology eqoqwe ndawonye njengezinkinga zesifo sikashukela.I-glucose ingathuthwa isuka emathunjini noma esibindini iye kwezinye izicubu emzimbeni ngegazi.Ukuthathwa kwe-glucose yeselula kulawulwa ngokuyinhloko yi-insulin, ihomoni ekhiqizwa kumanyikwe.
Izinga le-glucose ngokuvamile liphansi kakhulu ekuseni, ngaphambi kokudla kokuqala kosuku, futhi likhuphuka ngemva kokudla ihora noma amabili ngama-millimoles ambalwa.Amazinga kashukela egazini angaphandle kwebanga elivamile angase abe inkomba yesimo sezempilo.Izinga eliphakeme eliqhubekayo libizwa ngokuthi i-hyperglycemia;amazinga aphansi abizwa ngokuthii-hypoglycemia.Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sibonakala ngokuphikelela kwe-hyperglycemia kusuka kunoma yiziphi izimbangela eziningana, futhi yisifo esivelele kakhulu esihlobene nokuhluleka kokulawula ushukela wegazi.
3.Amazinga kashukela egazini ekuxilongeni isifo sikashukela
Ukuqonda amazinga eglucose yegazi kungaba yingxenye ebalulekile yokulawula isifo sikashukela.
Leli khasi lisho amazinga kashukela 'okuvamile' kanye nezigaba zikashukela osegazini kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanye namazinga kashukela egazini ukuze kunqunywe abantu abanesifo sikashukela.
Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela enemitha, imigqa yokuhlola futhi ehlola, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lisho ukuthini izinga likashukela egazini.
Amazinga eglucose anconyiwe anezinga elithile lokutolika kuwo wonke umuntu futhi kufanele uxoxe ngalokhu nethimba lakho lezempilo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane bangase babekwe amazinga kashukela egazini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Lezi zigaba ezilandelayo ziyiziqondiso ezihlinzekwa yi-National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) kodwa izinga lomuntu ngamunye eliqondiswe kuye kufanele kuvunyelwane ngalo udokotela wakhe noma umxhumanisi wesifo sikashukela.
4.Izinga likashukela egazini elijwayelekile kanye nelikashukela
Kubantu abaningi abanempilo, amazinga ajwayelekile kashukela ami kanje:
Phakathi kuka-4.0 kuya ku-5.4 mmol/L (72 kuya ku-99 mg/dL) lapho uzilile [361]
Kufika ku-7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) emahoreni ama-2 ngemva kokudla
Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, amazinga kashukela egazini ami kanje:
Ngaphambi kokudla: 4 kuya ku-7 mmol / L kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma uhlobo 2
Ngemuva kokudla: ngaphansi kwe-9 mmol/L kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 nangaphansi kuka-8.5 mmol/L kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
5.Izindlela zokuxilonga isifo sikashukela
Ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose okungahleliwe
Isampula yegazi lokuhlolwa okungahleliwe kweglucose ye-plasma ingathathwa noma nini.Lokhu akudingi ukuhlela okuningi ngakho-ke kusetshenziswa ekuxilongweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 lapho isikhathi siwumongo.
Ukuzila ukudla kwe-glucose ye-plasma
Ukuhlolwa kweglucose ye-plasma yokuzila kuthathwa ngemuva kokuzila okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili futhi ngakho-ke kuvame ukuthathwa ekuseni.
Iziqondiso ze-NICE zibheka umphumela we-glucose wokuzila ukudla osuka ku-5.5 kuye ku-6.9 mmol/l njengobeka umuntu engcupheni enkulu yokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nezinye izici eziyingozi zohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-Glucose Oral (OGTT)
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-glucose ngomlomo kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi lokuzila ukudla bese uphuza isiphuzo esimnandi kakhulu esino-75g we-glucose.
Ngemuva kokuphuza lesi siphuzo udinga ukuhlala uphumule kuze kube yilapho kuthathwa isampula yegazi elengeziwe ngemva kwamahora ama-2.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-HbA1c kokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela
Ukuhlolwa kwe-HbA1c akulilinganisi ngokuqondile izinga likashukela wegazi, nokho-ke, umphumela wokuhlolwa uthonywa ukuthi amazinga eglucose egazi lakho athande ukuba phezulu noma aphansi kangakanani esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela noma i-prediabetes zinikezwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezilandelayo:
Okuvamile: Ngaphansi kuka-42 mmol/mol (6.0%)
I-Prediabetes: 42 kuya ku-47 mmol / mol (6.0 kuya ku-6.4%)
Isifo sikashukela: 48 mmol / mol (6.5% noma ngaphezulu)
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-19-2022